初级美语Lesson36:ExpressingTime表示时间

Conversation A : On a University Campus

MARTIN: Hello. I'm Martin Learner. I'm a reporter. Who are you?
NANCY: I'm Nancy Kibelstis.
MARTIN: May I talk to you? I want to ask some questions.
NANCY: Maybe.
MARTIN: Are you a student?
NANCY: Yes.
MARTIN: What are you studying?
NANCY: Elementary education.
MARTIN: Are you going to be a teacher?
NANCY: Of course.
JACKIE: Good morning. I'm Jackie.
MARTIN: What are you doing here, Jackie?
JACKIE: I'm a student. I'm studying history.
MARTIN: What are you doing here today?
JACKIE: Oh, We're demonstrating.
MARTIN: When is the demonstration?
JACKIE: In the afternoon.
NANCY: No, it isn't. It's this morning.
MARTIN: Let's ask those students.

Practice 1：依照会话A回答下列问题：
1.What does Nancy do?
2.What is she studying at the university?
3.Why are they both on campus?
4.When is the demonstration?

会话A : 在大学校园里
马  丁：你好。我叫马丁·勒纳，我是记者。你叫什么?
南  希：我叫南希·基贝尔斯蒂斯。
马  丁：我可以和你谈谈吗?我想问几个问题。
南  希：也许可以(回答出你的问题)。
马  丁：你是学生吗?
南  希：是的。
马  丁：你学什么?
南  希：基础教育。
马  丁：你打算当教师吗?
南  希：当然。
杰  姬：早晨好。我叫杰姬。
马  丁：你在这儿干什么，杰姬?
杰  姬：我是学生，我是学历史的。
马  丁：你今天在这儿干什么?杰  姬：哦，我们在示威。
马  丁：示威是在什么时候?
杰  姬：在下午。
南  希：不，不是。示威是在今天上午。
马  丁：咱们去问问那些学生。
 

Conversation B

CARA: Good morning. I'm Cara Gutierrez. I'm a reporter. May I ask you some questions?
VINCE: OK. Where are you from?
CARA: I'm a reporter for the Voice of America. Who are you?
VINCE: I'm Vince Anzalone.
CARA: Are you a student?
VINCE: Yes. I'm a student at the university.
CARA: Are you a student at this university?
VINCE: Of course.
CARA: Are all these people students?
VINCE: Yes. They are not all from this university.
CARA: Where are they from?
VINCE: I don't know.
CARA: What are you studying?
VINCE: I'm studying biology.
CARA: What is this demonstration?
VINCE: It's about pollution.
CARA: What do you mean?
VINCE: Pollution. You know-pollution.
CARA: What kind of pollution?
VINCE: Environmental pollution. Pollution in the river.
CARA: When is the demonstration?
VINCE: It's now. This is the demonstration.
CARA: What are the students going to do?
VINCE: They're going to talk. They're going to sing. Some are going to speak. Some are going to read things. They're going to demonstrate.
CARA: When is someone going to speak?
VINCE: Before lunch. Maybe after lunch, too.
CARA: Are they going to the river?
VINCE: Yes. We're going to walk to the river. We're going to look at the pollution.
CARA: When are you going to the river?
VINCE: At twelve o'clock. We want everyone to see the river.

Practice 2：依照会话B回答下列问题：
1.Where and what is he studying?
2.Are all the students from the same university?
3.What is this demonstration?
4.When is the demonstration?
5.What are the students going to do ?
6.When are they going to speak and going to the river?

Practice 3： When 用来问时间时，其回答可以是大致时间，也可以是确切时间。
Examples:
MARTIN: When is the demonstration?
NANCY: In the afternoon.
JACKIE: No, it isn't. It's in the morning.
CARA: When is the demonstration?
VINCE: It's now.
CARA: When are you going to the river?
VINCE: At twelve o'clock.

会话B
卡  拉：早晨好。我叫卡拉·古蒂埃勒兹，我是记者。我可以问你几个问题吗?
文  斯：可以。你是哪儿的?
卡  拉：我是“美国之音”记者。你叫什么?
文  斯：我叫文斯·阿恩扎洛尼。
卡  拉：你是学生吗?
文  斯：是，我是大学的学生。
卡  拉：你是这所大学的学生吗?
文  斯：当然啦。
卡  拉：这些人都是学生吗?
文  斯：是的。他们并不都来自这所大学。
卡  拉：他们从哪儿来?
文  斯：我不知道。
卡  拉：你学什么?
文  斯：我学生物学。
卡  拉：这次示威的内容是什么?
文  斯：是有关污染的问题。
卡  拉：你指什么?
文  斯：污染。你知道——污染。
卡  拉：什么样的污染?
文  斯：环境污染、河流污染。
卡  拉：示威在什么时候?
文  斯：现在，这就是在示威。
卡  拉：学生们打算干什么呢?
文  斯：他们要谈论，他们要唱歌。一些人要演说，一些人要朗读。他们要示威。
卡  拉：他们什么时候演说?
文  斯：午饭前，也许午饭后还有。
卡  拉：他们去河边吗?
文  斯：是的，我们打算步行去河边，我们要去看看那儿的污染情况。
卡  拉：你们什么时候去河边?
文  斯：12点。我们都要看看那条河。
 

Conversation C

CARA: Hello, Martin.
MARTIN: Hello, When is the demonstration? I've been talking to some students. They don't know.
CARA: I talked to one student. The demonstration is now. This is the demonstration.

Practice 4：依照会话C回答下列问题：
1.Does Martin known the time for the demonstration?
2.When is the demonstration?

会话C
卡  拉：你好，马丁。
马  丁：你好。示威在什么时候?我一直在和一些学生交谈，他们不知道。
卡  拉：我和一个学生谈过，示威就在现在，这就是示威。


Conversation D

MARTIN: What are you doing?
PETE: I'm demonstrating.
MARTIN: What's that?
PETE: It's a story. It's a story about pollution. It's a story about the river.
The river was clean.
MARTIN: When was the river clean?
PETE: Many years ago. Now the environment is polluted. Here, read the story.
MARTIN: The river is polluted.
PETE: Of course. Our environment is polluted.
MARTIN: What are you going to do?
PETE: We're going to clean it up.
MARTIN: You're going to clean up the river?
PETE: We're going to clean up everything.
MARTIN: When are you going to clean up the river?
PETE: This year.
CARA: Hi, I'm Cara. Who are you?
HEATHER: I'm Heather.
ALISHA: I'm Alisha. Are you a student?
CARA: No, I'm a reporter.
HEATHER: Good. Where are you from?
CARA: Washington.
HEATHER: What newspaper are you from?
CARA: I'm not from a newspaper. I'm from the Voice of America.
ALISHA: What are you doing here?
CARA: I want to talk to students. I want to write a story about the demonstration. What are you doing here?
HEATHER: We're demonstrating! I don't like pollution!
ALISHA: Look at the river. It's polluted. I want to clean up the river.
CARA: What are you going to do?
ALISHA: We're going to work. We're going to talk.
HEATHER: And write. And speak.
MARTIN: Hello, Cara. This is Vince. He's going to show me the river. Can you come?
CARA: Yes. This is Heather. And this is Alisha.
ALL: Hello. Hi. I'm happy to meet you.
CARA: May I come with you?
VINCE: Of course. Do you want to come?
HEATHER: I can't. I'm going to meet someone.
ALISHA: When are you going to meet them?
HEATHER: Before lunch.
VINCE: Come with us. We're going to come back.
HEATHER: When are you going to come back?
VINCE: In a few minutes.
CARA: I want to see the river.
ALISHA: We want to clean up the river.
HEATHER: We want to clean up the city. We want to clean up everything.
VINCE: We have to clean up the environment.

Practice 5：用大致的时间来回答以 When 开头的问句。
Examples:
  MARTIN: When was the river clean?
PETE: Many years ago.
MARTIN: When are you going to clean up the river?
PETE: This year.
ALISHA: When are you going to meet them?
HEATHER: Before lunch.

会话D
马  丁：你在干什么?
皮  特：我在示威。
马  丁：那是什么?
皮  特：是一篇报导，是一篇有关污染的报导，是一篇有关河流的报导。
那条河从前是清澈见底的。
马  丁：那条河什么时候是清澈的?
皮  特：很多年以前，现在这儿的环境被污染了。这儿，读读这篇报导。
马  丁：这条河被污染了。
皮  特：当然。我们的环境被污染了。
马  丁：你们打算做什么?
皮  特：我们打算清理它?
马  丁：你们打算清理这条河吗?
皮  特：我们要清理一切。
马  丁：你们打算什么时候清理这条河?
皮  特：今年。
卡  拉：嗨。我叫卡拉，你叫什么?
希  瑟：我叫希瑟。
艾丽莎：我叫艾丽莎。你是学生吗?
卡  拉：不，我是记者。
希  瑟：好。你从哪儿来?
卡  拉：华盛顿。
希  瑟：你是哪家报社的?
卡  拉：我不是报社的，我来自美国之音，我为电台写稿。
艾丽莎：你在这儿干什么?
卡  拉：我想和学生谈谈，我想写篇有关示威的稿子。你们在这儿干什么?
希  瑟：我们在示威!我可不喜欢污染!
艾丽莎：看看那条河，污染了。我要清理那条河。
卡  拉：你们打算干什么?
艾丽莎：我们要行动起来，我们要谈论起来。
希  瑟：还要写文章，还要发表演说。
马  丁：喂，卡拉。这是文斯。他要带我去看那条河。
卡  拉：噢。这是希瑟，还有这是艾丽莎。
大  家：嗨，你们好。见到你们很高兴。你是这儿的学生吗?
卡  拉：我能跟你们走吗?
文  斯：当然。你想来吗?
希  瑟：我不能。我要去见一个人。
艾丽莎：你什么时候去见他们?
希  瑟：午饭前。
文  斯：跟我们来吧，我们还回来。
希  瑟：你们什么时候回来?
文  斯：几分钟后。
希  瑟：我要看看那条河。
艾丽莎：我们要清理那条河。
希  瑟：我们要清理这个城市，我们要清理一切。
文  斯：我们必须清理这儿的环境。
 

New Words and Expressions 生词和短语

education    n. 教育
elementary    education  小学教育
demonstrate    v. 示威；游行
biology     n. 生物学
environment     n. 环境
pollute    v. 污染
 

Language Points 语言要点

1. I'm studying history. 我学历史。在科学名词前不加冠词，例如：
My major is biology (chemistry, maths). 我的专业是生物(化学，数学)
2.I've been talking to some students. 我一直在跟一些学生谈话。
have been doing(sth.) 是现在完成进行时，常用于口语中强调动作的延续性及某种感情色彩，例如：
I've been waiting for you the whole morning. 我一早上都在等你。
I've been looking for my pen everywhere. 我一直在到处找钢笔。
3. We're going to come back. 我们还回来。
We want to clean up the river. 我们要净化这条河。
We have to clean up the environment. 我们必须净化环境。
be going to+动词原形(短语)表示近期内将要干或发生的事，例如：
I am going to take a tour around the country this vacation.
我打算这个假期周游全国。
There are going to be four speeches on campus.
校园里将有4个演讲。
want to+动词原形(短语)表示主观意愿，例如：
I want to talk with you. 我想和你谈谈。
I want to be a lawyer. 我想当律师。
have to+动词原形(短语)表示主观不得不、被迫要做某事，例如：
I have to go, or I'll be late. 我得走了，不然就晚了。
You have to finish your job within this week. 你必须在本周内完成任务。

Cultural Notes  文化注释

美国是工业高度发达的GJ，但工业的发展也造成了各种环境污染(environmental pollution)，例如：空气污染(air pollution)，水质污染(water pollution)，噪声污染(noise pollution)等。美国人认识到环境污染的严重危害，因而也格外注意保护环境。