中级美国英语Lesson23:被动语态[一]

刚才我们用被动语态句子叙述了学生的需要; 现在我们作一组练习, 看看成 人学校应该教什么课程. 比方有一句话: "他们应该教工程学" They should teach engineering. 这句话改成被动语态就应该把should teach 变成 should be taught, 整句话应该是: Engineering should be taught. 这组练习的作法是由老 师把刚才那句话念一遍, 接着老师念出一个课程的名称, 比方: "会计学" accounting. "通讯学" communication, "铅管业" plumbing, "修理电动设备" electrical repair, "先进技术" advanced technology 等等, 学生就把老师提出 的字或是词代换到句子里. 现在我们开始作练习. 学生作练习的时候请你也 一起作.

M: Engineering should be taught.

M: computer science

F: Computer science should be taught.

M: accounting

F: Accounting should be taught.

M: communication

F: Communication should be taught.

M: plumbing

F: Plumbing should be taught.

M: electrical repair

F: Electrical repair should be taught.

M: foreign languages

F: Foreign languages should be taught.

M: advanced technology

F: Advanced technology should be taught.

除了助动词 should 以外, 包含其它助动词的句子, 在变成被动语态的时候 也 都是在助动词后面加上 be 再加上动词的过去分词. 比方: Engineering will be taught. Engineering can be taught 跟 Engineering might be taught 等等. 这种变 化等一会儿我们还有机会练习. 下面我们练习用现在进行式被动语态来叙述 成人学校这个学期正在教什么课. 老师先念一个主动语态句子, 学生就用 is 或是 are 加上 being, b-e-i-n-g, being 再加上动词的过去分词构成被动语态说 出来. 在学生作练习的时候, 请你跟着一起作.

M: They are teaching electrical repair this term.

F: Electrical repair is being taught this term.

M: They are teaching advanced technology this term.

F: Advanced technology is being taught this term.

M: They are teaching communication this term.

F: Communication is being taught this term.

M: They are teaching foreign languages this term.

F: Foreign languages are being taught this term.

M: They are teaching computers this term.

F: Computers are being taught this term.

M: They are teaching engineering and accounting this term.

F: Engineering and accounting are being taught this term.

下面我们把刚才那组练习里的被动语态句子重复练习一下. 请你听一遍跟着 老师重复一遍.

M: Electrical repair is being taught this term.

F: Electrical repair is being taught this term.

M: Advanced technology is being taught this term.

F: Advanced technology is being taught this term.

M: Communication is being taught this term.

F: Communication is being taught this term.

M: Foreign languages are being taught this term.

F: Foreign languages are being taught this term.

M: Computers are being taught this term.

F: Computers are being taught this term.

M: Engineering and accounting are being taught this term.

F: Engineering and accounting are being taught this term.

刚才我们作的几组练习都是说到成人学校的课程, 现在我们要作一组练习谈 谈成人学校的贡献,比方成人学校可以满足人们多受教育的需求,可以使人们 事业更发达, 生活更充实; 要是人们学会自己修东西就可以避免出高价请别 人来修等等. 练习的作法是老师说出一个将来式被动语态句子, 请你把句子 里的 will be 改成 is going to be 或是 are going to be 说出来, 每作完一句就请 你听老师念正确答案.

M: Older people's careers will be enhanced.

F: Older people's careers are going to be enhanced.

M: Their lives will be enriched.

F: Their lives are going to be enriched.

M: High costs for repairs will be avoided.

F: High costs for repairs are going to be avoided.

M: The demand for more education will be met.

F: The demand for more education is going to be met.

三.听短文回答问题

在下一课里我们还有机会练习被动语态. 现在我们来听今天这一课的文章.这 篇文章谈到美国成人教育计划的课程和功用. 文章里的词汇都是我们刚才练 习过的.

现在请你注意听.

Millions of people are enrolled in evening adult education programs across America.

Community colleges have become popular and their enrollments have increased rapidly.

Large universities are offering more courses in the evenings for adult students. In this way, the demand for more education is being met.

One reason for this is that many older people are changing their professions. They are looking for different careers. Another reason is that repair costs have increased.

Adults are taking courses like plumbing and electrical repair. This way they hope that the high costs for repairs can be avoided.

Advanced technology is the most important reason for the rise in adult education.

Engineers, teachers and businessmen are taking adult education classes. They have found that more education is needed to do their jobs well. Various courses are offered.

Computers and business courses are taken by many adult students. Foreign languages, accounting and communication courses are also popular. Some students attend classes to earn degrees. Others take courses for the knowledge and skills that they can receive.

The lives of many people have been enriched because of adult education.

等一会儿我再请英文老师把文章念一遍, 现在请你先听今天测验的三个问题.

第一个问题是:

M: Where can one take adult education courses?

第二个问题是:

M: Why has adult education become popular?

第三个问题是:

M: What are some of the courses offered in adult education programs?

好, 现在我们再把文章听一遍. 这次老师念得比较慢, 请你特别注意上面三个 问题的答案.

Millions of people are enrolled in evening adult education programs across America.

Community colleges have become popular and their enrollments have increased rapidly.

Large universities are offering more courses in the evenings for adult students. In this way, the demand for more education is being met.

One reason for this is that many older people are changing their professions. They are looking for different careers. Another reason is that repair costs have increased.

Adults are taking courses like plumbing and electrical repair. This way they hope that the high costs for repairs can be avoided.

Advanced technology is the most important reason for the rise in adult education.

Engineers, teachers and businessmen are taking adult education classes. They have found that more education is needed to do their jobs well. Various courses are offered.

Computers and business courses are taken by many adult students. Foreign languages, accounting and communication courses are also popular. Some students attend classes to earn degrees. Others take courses for the knowledge and skills that they can receive.

The lives of many people have been enriched because of adult education.

现在请你回答下面三个问题. 每回答一句就请你听老师念正确答案.

第一个问题是:

M: Where can one take adult education courses?

F: One can take adult education courses in a community college or university.

第二个问题是:

M: Why has adult education become popular?

F: Changing professions, high costs for repairs and advanced technology are some of the reasons for the rise in adult education.

第三个问题是:

M: What are some of the courses offered in adult education programs?

F: Plumbing, electrical repair, foreign languages, accounting and communication are some of the courses offered in adult education programs.