中级美国英语Lesson16:直接宾语和间接宾语

刚才那个练习你都会作吗? 下面我们来学习另外一种用直接和间接宾语的方 法. 首先请你听一个句子: Henry has written a letter to Jenny. 这句话跟我们刚 才练习的说法, 也就是: Henry has written Jenny a letter. 意思一样, 只不过把 间接宾语和直接宾语的顺序对调, 而且在间接宾语的前头加上介词 to, t-o, to.

现在我们要作的练习就是把这两种说法作个比较. 请你注意听老师念我们刚 才练习过的那种陈述句, 然后请你用上介词 to 把意思用另外一种说法表达出 来. 首先举个例子.

M: Kate has taught Jenny sewing.

F: She has taught sewing to Jenny.

现在我们开始练习, 每作完一句就请你听正确答案.

M: Kate has taught Jenny sewing.

F: She has taught sewing to Jenny.

M: Kate has lent Jenny her car.

F: She has lent her car to Jenny.

M: Kate has mailed Jenny a package.

F: She has mailed a package to Jenny.

M: Henry has shown Jenny a map.

F: He has shown a map to Jenny.

M: Henry has given Jenny some advice.

F: He has given some advice to Jenny.

M: Henry has written Jenny a letter.

F: He has written a letter to Jenny.

在刚才那个练习里我们学习了直接宾语加上 to 再加上间接宾语的说法. 可是 有些及物动词不应该跟 to 一起用, 而必须用另外一个介词 for, f-o-r, for. 最普 通的两个例子就是 buy, b-u-y, buy 跟 get, g-e-t, get. 现在老师用这两个动词作 几个句子说明亨利跟凯特买了些什么东西给珍妮.请你跟刚才一样作练习, 不 过要记得改用介词 for. 现在我们开始.

M: Henry and Kate Have bought Jenny a radio.

F: They have bought a radio for Jenny.

M: They have bought Jenny a dictionary.

F: They have bought a dictionary for Jenny.

M: They have gotten Jenny a sewing machine.

F: They have gotten a sewing machine for Jenny.

M: They have gotten Jenny a desk.

F: They have gotten a desk for Jenny.

用上介词的说法你都会了吗? 这种说法很常用,尤其是直接宾语是代名词的时 候就非用这种说法不可, 比方: Henry has given it to Peter. 在下面一组练习里, 老师提出一些问句, 内容都是说到亨利和凯特为孩子们作的事情, 然后学生把 句子里的主语跟直接宾语改为代名词, 再用上适当的介词作肯定的答覆. 在学 生作练习的时候请你也一起作.

M: Has Henry given Peter some money?

F: Yes, he has given it to Peter.

M: Has Kate shown Peter a new book?

F: Yes, she has shown it to Peter.

M: Has Henry bought Linda a swimming suit?

F: Yes, he has bought it for Linda.

M: Has Kate taught Linda an English lesson?

F: Yes, she has taught it to Linda.

M: Have Henry and Kate gotten Jenny a sewing machine?

F: Yes, they have gotten it for Jenny.

M: Have Henry and Kate mailed Jenny a package?

F: Yes, they have mailed it to Jenny.

四.听短文回答问题

今天我们要听的文章内容是说美GJ庭怎么样应付孩子们的大学教育费,住宿 费等等问题, 比方孩子小的时候他们就开始存钱, 孩子大了以后可以自己找份 工作挣学费, 或是先向政府借贷等等.

现在请你注意听.

Nearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their educations. There are many costs. First of all, there is tuition. At some schools, the tuition is very high, ten thousand dollars a year or more. At other schools, it may only be a few hundred dollars a year. At some community colleges, tuition is free.

There are other costs as well. Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities. They may live in dormitories or apartments, and they must pay for it. Finally, students must buy textbooks for their courses. Going to college or university can be a big expense.

Some families start saving money for their children's education when the children are small. Many students work to save money for tuition. They can also get loans from the government. They pay the money back to the government when they finish their education.

现在我们先来听今天测验的三个问题, 然后我会再请老师把整段文章念一遍.

第一个问题是:

M: What do American students pay for?

第二个问题是:

M: Is the tuition the same at all American colleges and universities?

第三个问题是:

M: How do Americans pay for college education?

现在我们再来听英文老师用慢速度把整段文章念一遍.

Nearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their educations. There are many costs. First of all, there is tuition. At some schools, the tuition is very high, ten thousand dollars a year or more. At other schools, it may only be a few hundred dollars a year. At some community colleges, tuition is free.

There are other costs as well. Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities. They may live in dormitories or apartments, and they must pay for it. Finally, students must buy textbooks for their courses. Going to college or university can be a big expense.

Some families start saving money for their children's education when the children are small. Many students work to save money for tuition. They can also get loans from the government. They pay the money back to the government when they finish their education.

现在请你回答今天测验的三个问题. 回答之后请你听老师念正确答案.

第一个问题是:

M: What do American students pay for?

F: They pay tuition and they buy textbooks for their courses. When they live in dormitories or apartments they must pay for it as well.

第二个问题是:

M: Is the tuition the same at all American colleges and universities?

F: No, it is not the same. It may be ten thousand dollars a year or only a few hundred dollars a year. At some schools tuition is free.

第三个问题是:

M: How do Americans pay for college education?

F: American families save money for their children's education. Many students work to save money. They can also get loans from the government.